ㄴ다니까 grammar - ndanikka grammar

August 22, 2009 by tailieutienghan

-다니까/-라니까 (-danikka / ranikka) is a structure that emphasizes a fact or a statement by being added to the end of a sentence that the speaker wants to make sure is understood and accepted. We can translate to English as “I said,” “I told you,” or even “I asked you.” When meaning, “I asked you,” the ending changes slightly to 냐니까 (nyanikka). This is different from the ending -니까 (nikka), which means “because, owing to.” You can add 요 (yo) at the end to sound a little more polite, but this is not a very polite expression even in polite language because it has the nuance of talking back and criticizing the other person's thought, statement, or judgment.

-다니까 (danikka) originally comes from the expression -다고 (말)하니까 (-dago hanikka), which is closer to the English translation “I said” or “I told you.” We dropped the letter 고 (go), and 말하니까 (malhanikka) or 하니까 (hanikka) became shorter, so the whole expression became –다니까 (danikka).

-라니까 (ranikka) comes from -라고 (말)하니까 (-rago hanikka), and -냐니까 (nyanikka) comes from -냐고 (말)하니까 (-nyago hanikka).

Formation

[Plain Sentence] + -다니까 Plain sentences using verbs other than 이다 (ida) and 아니다 (anida) + -다니까 (danikka)

가다 (gada) “to go”
간다 (ganda) “I go.” (plain narrative sentence)
가 (ga) / 가요 (gayo) / 갑니다 (gamnida) 간다니까 + 요 = 간다니까요
(gandanikkayo)
“I said I'm going”
알다 (alda) “to know”
안다 (anda) “I know.” (plain narrative sentence)
알아 (ara) / 알아요 (arayo) / 압니다 (amnida) 안다니까 + 요 = 안다니까요
(andanikkayo)
“I told you I know”

[Plain Sentence with 이다 or 아니다] + -라니까

Plain sentences using verbs 이다 (ida) and 아니다 (anida) + 라니까 (ranikka)

아니다 (anida) “to be not”
아니 (ani) – verb stem
아니 + 라니까 = 아니라니까 (aniranikka)
저 아니라니까요!
(jeo aniranikkayo!)
“I told you it's not me!”
진짜 (jinjja) “real, truth”
진짜 + 이다 = 진짜이다 (jinjjaida) “to be real”
진짜 + 이 + 라니까 = 진짜이라니까 ▶ 진짜라니까 (jinjjaranikka)
진짜라니까요.
(jinjja-ranikkayo)
“I told you it's real!”

[Imperatives] + -(으)라니까

Imperatives + -(으)라니까 (ranikka)

오다 (oda) “to come”
오 (ending in a vowel) + 라니까 = 오라니까 (oranikka)
빨리 오라니까.
(ppalli oranikka)

“I told you to come early.”
먹다 (meokda) “to eat”
먹 (ending in a consonant) + 으라니까 = 먹으라니까 (meogeuranikka)
천천히 먹으라니까.
(cheoncheonhi meogeuranikka)
“I said, eat slowly.”

[Interrogative Sentence] + -냐니까

Interrogative sentences + -냐니까 (nyanikka)

오다 (oda) “to come”
왔다 (watda) “came, to have come”
왔 + 냐니까 = 왔냐니까 (watnyanikka)
왜 왔냐니까?
(wae watnyanikka?)
“I asked you why you came.”

Example Sentences

저 아니라니까요.
jeo aniranikkayo.
“I told you it's not me.”
내가 먹었다니까.
nae-ga meogeotdanikka.
“I told you I ate it.”
내가 안 했다니까.
nae-ga an haedanikka.
“I told you I didn't do it.”
왜 그러냐니까?
wae geureonyanikka.
“I asked you, what's wrong with you?”
누구냐니까?
nugu-nyanikka?
“I asked you, who is it?”
지금 나가라니까!
jigeum nagaranikka!
“I told you to get out of here!”
그렇다니까요.
geureotanikkayo.
“I told you so already.”

Notes

☞ How is it different from -다고/라고? ☜

A similar structure is -다고/라고/냐고 (dago / rago / nyago).
This can replace the structure -다니까/라니까/냐니까 (danikka / ranikka / nyanikka) most of the time, but it does not sound as strong and accusing as -다니까/라니까/냐니까 (danikka/ ranikka / nyanikka).

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요즘 영어를 배우는 아이들이 많다던데 우리 아이에게도 영어를 가르칠까요?
Nowadays, there are many children who are learning English. Should I teach English to my child, too?
유치원에 다니는 아이에게 영어 교육은 너무 이르지 않아요?
Is it not too early for a kindergarten to have an English education?
나는 영어를 빨리 배우면 그만큼 효과도 좋을 거라고 생각해요.
I think that learning English quickly will be more effective.
하지만 오히려 아이에게 스트레스를 줄 수도 있어요.
However, it can become stressful for your child.
주위에 영어를 배우는 아이들이 많다니까 자꾸 조바심이 생겨요.
I am getting anxious because all the children surrounding me are learning English.
난 아이가 무엇을 원하는지 물어보고 결정해도 늦지 않다고 생각해요.
Even if I ask my child what he wants and have him decide, it won’t be late.

V+는다니까/ㄴ다니까
A+다니까
As it is attached to an action verb’s stem or descriptive verb’s stem, it is used when he directs or persuades to the following action which is based upon the evidence of someone’s word. ‘-는다고 하니까’ is an abbreviation form.

요즘 고등학생들은 이 책을 많이 본다니까 너도 이걸로 공부해.
Nowadays, high school students use this book a lot, so you study with this, too.

오늘 저녁에 비가 많이 온다니까 우산을 가지고 가라.
Since it’s going to rain a lot this evening, so take an umbrella and go.

여수 밤바다가 아름답다니까 이번 휴가에 거기로 가는 게 어때?
Since Yeo Su’s ocean night view is beautiful, so why don’t you go there this break?

Related words
그만큼 as much as
주위 surrounding
조바심 fidget
밤바다 ocean night view